In red Lou Meng 120 in, those who mention is famous the girl that has a last name has about a hundred. The most important is Jin Ling 12 hairpin, deputy, deputy book 36 in. The girl in article or servant girl are not little also, why Cao Gong learn a poem does this one clue arrange sweet water chestnut?
在红楼梦一百二十回里，提到的有名有姓的女孩有上百个。最重要的便是金陵十二钗正，副，又副册里的三十六个了。文中姑娘或丫鬟也不少，为什么曹公把学诗这一情节安排给香菱呢？
I think, the reason that sweet water chestnut learns a poem has 3.
我认为，香菱学诗的原因有三个。
Above all, sweet water chestnut is maintaining high enthusiasm to Shi Wenhe study really. When sweet water chestnut learns a poem, can read a poem to “ all things are disregarded, issue to the lamp only read rise. Bao Chai urges him several times to sleep repeatedly, he also does not sleep the degree of ” , this is not just those who show sweet water chestnut is slow-witted, was to reflect her more the persistence that right study. Sweet water chestnut is having absolutely good realization ability, can offer oneself understanding and view after black jade makes an explanation a bit to making a poetry, say: “ is original these style custom are end accident unexpectedly, want expressions novelty only to go up. ” is in the 48th times in, bao Yu also says: “ our the whole day sighs say regrettablly he so individual unexpectedly common, who knows after all to have now. ” if from this respect for, clever person is begged surely master knowledge more, and no matter ancient times is modern still, knowledge is gotten from inside the book on very big level, so, sweet water chestnut learns a poem no wonder also. “ elite desire attack by surprise expects it is difficult to answer ” moon that pure brilliance, expect it is difficult to need be masked. Why is this word ever from analogy? Black jade also says: “ you are a clever and bright person, need not kongfu of a year, not anxious is not Shi Weng ” , it is thus clear that sweet water chestnut has outstanding place truly, can be this brilliance masked how again? Can blossom sooner or later ray.
首先，香菱确实对诗文和学习保持着高度的热情。香菱学诗时，能读诗到“诸事不顾，只向灯下一首一首的读起来。宝钗连催他数次睡觉，他也不睡”的程度，这不仅仅是显出香菱的呆，更是体现了她对学习的执着。香菱有着绝好的领悟能力，在黛玉对作诗稍作解释后便能提出自己的理解与看法，说道：“原来这些格调规矩竟是末事，只要词句新奇为上。”在第四十八回中，宝玉也说：“我们成日叹说可惜他这么个人竟俗了，谁知到底有今日。”若从这个方面来说，聪明之人必求多掌握学识，而无论古代还是现代，知识很大层面上都是从书中获取的，那么，香菱学诗也不足为奇了。“精华欲掩料应难”月亮那纯净的光华，料必难被掩盖。这句话何曾不是自喻呢？黛玉也说：“你是一个聪明伶俐的人，不用一年的功夫，不愁不是诗翁了”，可见香菱确有过人之处，这光华又怎能被掩盖呢？总有一天会绽放光芒。
It is for placatory heart next, alleviate doleful, place her favour that finds nostalgia native place. Sweet water chestnut from small be kidnapped and sell, good be taken a fancy to not easily by Feng Yuan, “ decides affection at one person person ” , can slant to let Xue Pan be bought again do concubine, be troubled by an individual life lawsuit. But even if this that “ Home Xue compares Home Feng riches and honour, think its are a person, concubine of natural female singer is numerous, excessive comfort is excessive. ” from this flank depict, also can see sweet water chestnut is in in the future Xue Jiaye won't be smooth and steady. But unluckily sweet water chestnut the parents to oneself, the age and home town, entirely did not have impression, this also emphasize for many times in article, in Home Zhou Rui and can see in Xia Jingui's inquiry. From the work that shows contemporary and well-known writer, be like Lu Xun gentleman " toward Hua Xishi " , of Xiao Gong " Hu Lanhe is passed " in light of, two people happen to coincide the ground is when he is the most out at the elbows, draw up the work that recalls him childhood happiness to live, the imply that among them spirit puts in countryside 's charge is self-evident. Watch sweet water chestnut instead, she is kidnapped and sell as a child, in Gu Fu by bully when, can she answer the care with him parental recall? Can she recollect her good childhood to live? The answer is negative. When Xue Pan goes out, sweet water chestnut got leisure, nature should learn a few poems, place oneself feeling. “ earns goddess in the moon to answer may I ask, why doesn't the predestined relationship make always reunion ” , put in countryside 's charge, reunion should be sweet water chestnut what think of day and night.
其次是为了抚慰心灵，缓解寂寞，寄托她的寻乡思乡之情。香菱自小被拐卖，好不容易被冯渊看中，“定情于一人者”，可偏又让薛蟠买去做妾，闹出个人命官司。可那“这薛家纵比冯家富贵，想其为人，自然姬妾众多，淫佚无度。”从这侧面描写，也可看出香菱日后在薛家也不会安稳。可偏巧香菱对于自己的父母，年龄以及家乡，一概没了印象，文中也多次强调这一点，在周瑞家的以及夏金桂的询问中都可以看出。从现当代著名文学家的作品，如鲁迅先生的《朝花夕拾》，萧红的《呼兰河传》来看，两人都不约而同地在自己最穷困潦倒之时，写出回忆自己童年美好生活的作品，其中的精神归乡的意味不言而喻。反观香菱，她从小被拐卖，在贾府被欺侮时，她能回忆起自己父母亲的关爱吗？她能回忆自己美好的童年生活吗？答案是否定的。在薛蟠外出时，香菱便得了空闲，自然要学几首诗，寄托自己的感情。“博得嫦娥应借问，缘何不使永团圆”，归乡，团圆应是香菱日夜所思的吧。
Again, it is sweet water chestnut to entering the longing of Gu Fu the classes. The position in Gu Fu does not consider sweet water chestnut tall. The full marks that serves as Xue Pan / concubine, she compares servant girl only tall trifling, however hairpin of treasure of be not a patch on, the person such as black jade. The girls in grand sight garden have his ability feeling each. Learning a poem also is a kind of method that improves ability condition. And this can help sweet water chestnut be close to the person such as hairpin black more again, was to help her enter company of poem of Chinese flowering crabapple more.
再次，便是香菱对进入贾府上层社会的渴望。香菱在贾府的地位并不算高。作为薛蟠的满分/妾，她只比丫鬟高些许，却又比不上宝钗，黛玉等人。大观园中的姑娘们都各有自己的才情。学诗也是一种提高才情的方法。而且这又能够帮助香菱更接近钗黛等人，更是帮助了她进入海棠诗社。
The 2nd problem, be Cao Gong why learn a poem does this one clue arrange sweet water chestnut? The first, we know, cao Gong is to praise already to sweet water chestnut sympathize with again. It is to praise above all. Flank depict is used to praise for many times in article. The 7th, the path of Home Zhou Rui: “ has poured an about, unexpectedly some resemble us east the character and morals of big grandma of the Chengdu in government office. ” the 16th, wangxi phoenix assist: “ also looks at about of sweet water chestnut because of maternal aunt still be end criterion very, its are person behavior, differ than other girl again however, tenderness is quiet, about the same boss girl also does not go up with him the moral character that ” sees sweet water chestnut is different and general. “ of path of fat inkstone fast thinks carefully the humanness of sweet water chestnut also, basis does not let receive visit, appearance does not let Feng Qin, duan Ya does not let fine silk fabrics hairpin, tasteful do not let Hunan black, virtuous do not let Xi Ping, place cherish person disaster of childhood meet with, destiny good Jian, send the room that it is side. And ever read, cannot with Lin Xiang generation and gallop Yu Haitang's Du Er. Like that this one person can not enter garden. ” falls in this action, ” of “ sweet water chestnut learns the poem also is of course.
第二个问题，便是曹公为什么把学诗这一情节安排给香菱呢？第一，我们知道，曹公对香菱是既赞美又同情的。首先是赞美。文中多次采用侧面描写赞美。第七回，周瑞家的道：“倒好个模样儿，竟有些象咱们东府里蓉大奶奶的品格儿。”第十六回，王熙凤赞：“也因姨妈看着香菱模样儿好还是末则，其为人行事，却又比别的女孩子不同，温柔安静，差不多的主子姑娘也跟他不上呢”可见香菱的品性不同一般。脂砚斋道“细想香菱之为人也，根基不让迎探，容貌不让凤秦，端雅不让纨钗，风流不让湘黛，贤惠不让袭平，所惜者幼年罹祸，命运乖蹇，致为侧室。且曾读书，不能与林湘辈并驰于海棠之杜耳。然此一人岂可不入园哉。”在这一点的作用下，“香菱”学诗也是理所当然的。
The 2nd, red Lou Mengzhong is aggregate have, deputy, deputy each 12 hairpin, the 6th court verdict deputy book in what mention exclusively is deputy book a sweet water chestnut. Apparent she is a very main character. The frequency that sweet water chestnut appears in the book does not calculate little, but openly depict has only so 9 place. Have the color picture to her 4 times with pass an imperial examination first. The depict of the others has been taken for brushstroke more, be like the 20th times, “ is encountering Bao Chai, sweet water chestnut, warbler 3 drive go to make the “ besides that makes fun of ” the 29th times wear the girl of sweet water chestnut, sweet water chestnut attain ” . We are much to the understanding of disposition of sweet water chestnut from other people in depicting, get, lack openly depict. In the depict in front, we know, sweet water chestnut is a beautiful, quiet girl. But, this is insufficient still, from where body do this come out now? Then sweet water chestnut learned poetic clue to enter the court. Also literary work must want to accomplish this, this ability makes the figure figure of sweet water chestnut more round.
第二，红楼梦中合计有正、副、又副册各十二钗，第六回判词副册中唯一提到的便是副册之首香菱。显然她是一个十分重要的人物。书中香菱出现的次数并不算少，但正面描写就只有那么一两处。第一回以及第四回有对她的外貌描写。其余的描写多为一笔带过，如第二十回，“正遇见宝钗、香菱、莺儿三个赶围棋作耍”第二十九回的“外带着香菱、香菱的丫头臻儿”。我们对香菱性情的了解多从旁人的描绘中得到，缺少正面描写。在前面的描写中，我们知道，香菱是一个漂亮、安静的女孩子。但，这还不够，这从哪儿体现出来？于是香菱学诗的情节便上场了。这也是文学作品必须要做到的，这才使香菱的人物形象更加丰满。
Thirdly, with its status position has direct correlation the character's action. We if an other woman with similar of age of sweet water chestnut is cherish spring, smooth, raid the person such as the person to make a contrast with sweet water chestnut. Cherish spring is the 4 girls of flourish state seat of government, even if misbegotten, also can acquire better education as a child, although not good at poem, but picture of be apt to, have the young lady's temperament. Smooth be phoenix elder sister accompany a room, gu Lian's concubine, be the helper that serves as phoenix elder sister greatly, also learn a poem without the identity without time. And the position that raid a person is smaller, get along more impossibly with the person equality such as Bao Dai, learn a poem to them. And as it happens of sweet water chestnut has this identity and time, arranging the clue that learns a poem also is natural.
其三，人物的行为是与其身份地位有直接关联的。我们把与香菱年纪相仿的其他女子如惜春、平儿、袭人等人来和香菱作个对比。惜春是荣国府的四姑娘，即使是庶出，从小也能获得较好的教育，虽不善诗，但善画，拥有小姐的气质。平儿是凤姐的陪房，贾琏的妾，很大程度上是作为凤姐的帮手的，没有身份也没有时间去学诗。而袭人地位更低，就更不可能与宝黛等人平等相处，向他们学诗了。而香菱正好有这个身份及时间，安排学诗的情节也是自然的。
On put together, sweet water chestnut learns the inevitable result that poetic clue is grand sight garden.
综上，香菱学诗的情节正是大观园的必然产物。(文/乔霓)