中考英语《固定短语》知识点：常用动词固定搭配
常用短语总结
1. …as soon as… 一… 就…
mary一见到她弟弟就会告诉他这个消息。
mary will tell her brother this message as soon as he sees him.
我们一到那儿就去爬山了。
we went climbing as soon as we arrived / got / reached there.
2. as + adj./adv.+ as… …和…一样(的 / 地)…
not as(so)…as… …不如 / 不比 … ….
李雷和吉母跑得一样快。
li lei runs as fast as Jim.
约翰和你的年龄不一样大。
John is not as (so) old as you.
这部电视剧不如那部有趣。(TV series)
This TV series is not as (so) interesting as that one.
3. as +adj./adv.+ as possible 尽可能 … 的 / 地 …
我们在英语课上应该尽可能地多讲英语。
we should speak english as much as possible in english class.
你能不能尽可能慢一些读这个句子?
can you read the sentence as slowly as possible?
4. ask sb for sth 向某人要求某物
当你迷路时，你可以向警察需求帮助。
when you get lost, you can ask the police for help.
一些学生经常向父母要钱去玩电子游戏。(video games)
Some students often ask their parents for money to play video games.
他向父母要一辆自行车作为生日礼物。
He asked his parents for a bicycle as his birthday present.
5. ask/ tell sb. (how) to do sth 询问 / 告诉 某人如何做某事
许多学生经常问老师如何才能学好英语。
many students often ask their teachers how to learn english well.
让我来告诉你如何发邮件。
let me tell you how to send an e-mail.
6. ask / tell /want sb (not) to do sth. 要求(让)/ 告诉 / 想要 某人 做(不做)某事
护士告诉我服用此药需一日三次，饭后服用。
The nurse told me to take this medicine three times a day after meals.
老师经常告诉我要更加努力地学习。
The teacher often tells me to study harder.
他让我不要再犯同样的错误。
He asked me not to make the same mistake again.
7. make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth 使 / 让 某人做(不做)某事
他使得孩子哭得很厉害。
He made the child cry loudly.
昨天他使我在影院门口等了很长时间。
He made me wait for long (for a long time) at the gate of the cinema yesterday.
直到我们做完了作业,妈妈才让我们去玩球。
mother didn’t let us play football until we finished our homework.
那个老板迫使工人们每天工作10小时。
That boss made the workers work (for) ten hours a day.
8. be afraid of doing / to do/that 害怕 / 不敢 做某事
这个小女孩不敢晚上出去。
The little girl is afraid to go out in the evening / at night.
他害怕独自呆在家里。
He is afraid of staying at home alone.
许多人担心他们会失去工作。(be afraid that)
many people are afraid that they will lose their jobs.
9. be busy with sth. / doing sth. 忙于某事 / 做某事
现在学生们忙于准备考试。
now students are busy preparing for the exams.
昨天下午妈妈都在忙着做家务。(两种)
mother was busy with housework yesterday afternoon.
mother was busy doing housework yesterday afternoon.
10. be famous / late /ready / sorry for sth.
因…而著名 / (做)…迟到了 / 晚了 / 为…准备 / 为… 而抱歉
如果你不快点，你就会上班迟到。
if you don’t hurry, you will be late for work.
杭州以丝绸而出名。
Hangzhou is famous for silk.
我们已经准备好迎接奥运会了。
we have been ready for the olympic Games.
我为我的错误而抱歉。
i am sorry for my mistake.
11. be glad that 很高兴…
我很高兴你能来参加晚会。
i am very glad that you can come to the evening party.
老师很高兴我们班得了第一名。
The teacher was very glad that our class was the first / won the first prize.
12. give/ show/ bring/ lend/ send/ pass/ tell / offer sth to sb
buy/give/ show/ send/ pass/ bring/ lend/ tell sb. sth
给某人某物;给某人看某物;给某人带来某物;借给某人某物;送给某人某物;递给某人某物;把某事告诉给某人;主动给某人某物
请递给我一张纸。
Please pass me a piece of paper.
=Please pass a piece of paper to me.
请把你的画给我看看。
Please show me your picture.
=Please show your picture to me
他借给我一辆自行车。
He lent me a bike.
=He lent a bike to me.
别忘了下次来给我带点儿钱。
Don’t forget to bring me some money when you come here next time.
= Don’t forget to bring some money to me when you come here next time.
13. either…or… 或… 或…, 不是… 就是…, 要么…要么…
不是你，就是他是对的。
either you or he is right. V. 就近原则
每个周末，我们要么去公园，要么呆在家里。
we either go to a park or stay at home every weekend. (at/on weekends.)
要了解世界，人们既可以读报纸，也可以看电视。
People can either read newspapers or watch TV to get to know the world.
14. neither…nor… 既不… 也不…, 两者都不…
我和他都没有读过这本书。
neither he nor i have ever read this book. V. 就近原则
这个女孩已经十岁了，但她既不会读书，也不会写字。
The girl is already ten, but she can neither read nor write.
15. enjoy/ finish/mind/ keep/ practise/go on doing sth.
享受做…之乐;做完某事;介意做某事;一直做某事;练习做某事;继续做…
我们应该经常练习讲英语。
we should often practice speaking english.
我奶奶一直坚持早晨锻炼身体已经有十年了。
my grandma has kept doing exercise in the morning for ten years.
16. find /think / feel + it + adj. (for sb.)to do sth. 发现/ 认为/觉得 做某事 如何
越来越多的人发现吃太多汉堡包不利于健康。
more and more people have found it unhealthy to eat too many hamburgers.
很多大学生发现在大学中交友很难。
A lot of students have found it very hard to make friends at college.
17. get + adj. 的比较级 + and + adj. 的比较级 变得越来越…
地球变得越来越暖和了。
it gets warmer and warmer on the earth.
春天到了，天气变得越来越热了。
Spring is coming and it’s getting warmer and warmer.
北京变得越来越美丽了。
Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful.
18. The + adj./adv.的比较级， the + adj./adv.的比较级。 越..., 就越…。
天气越冷,人们穿得就越多。
The colder it is, the more people wear.
我们种的树越多,空气就会越干净。
The more trees we plant, the cleaner the air will be.
英语，我们练习得越多，说得就越好。
The more we practice speaking english, the better we can speak.
你越强健，患感冒的机会就越少。
The stronger you are, the less chance you will catch a cold.
19. it is + 序数词+ adj./adv.的最高级 + n.
黄河是中国第二长的河流。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in china.
他是我们班跑得第二快的。
He runs the second fastest in our class.
20. one of the + 最高级 + n. (pl.) 是最…之一者
姚明是世界上最好的篮球运动员之一。
Yao ming is one of the best basketball players in the world.
三亚是中国最美丽的城市之一。
Sanya is one of the most beautiful cities in china.
21. be/get ready for… 为… 做准备
get … ready 准备好…
北京正在为举办奥运会做准备。
Beijing is getting ready for the olympic Games.
课上，刘老师要求我们准备好纸和笔听写。(dictation)
ms. / mr. liu asked us to get the paper and pens ready for the dictation in class.
22. had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事
你最好放学后早点回家。
You’d better go home earlier after school.
你最好不要乘飞机去澳门。(macau)
You’d better not take an airplane to macau / not fly to macau / not go to macau by air.
23. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
昨天下午4点我在帮妈妈洗衣服。
i was helping my mother (to) wash clothes at 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
学生们每年都帮助农民摘苹果。(apple harvest)
Students help farmers with the apple harvest every year.
24. i don’t think that… 我认为 / 想 / 觉得 …不…。
我认为他不应该放弃学习英语。
i don’t think he should give up learning english.
他发烧了。我想他明天不会去野餐了。
He has got a fever. i don’t think he will go for a picnic tomorrow.
25. would like sth.
would like to do sth.
would like sb. to do sth.
你想要一些喝的东西吗?(两种)
would you like something to drink?
would you like to drink something?
你愿意和我去听新年音乐会吗?
would you like to go to the new Year concert with me?
我想要他帮我去买词典。
i would like him to buy a dictionary for me.
26. it is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事……
对他们来说记住这么多单词是很难的。
it is very difficult for them to remember so many words.
对学生们来说，做眼保健操是十分必要的。
it’s quite necessary for students to do the eye exercises.
27. it’s good / better / best / bad / worse / worst (for sb.) to do
做某事 好 / 更好 / 最好 / 糟糕 (很不好) / 更糟糕 / 最糟糕
晚饭后散步是很好的。
it’s good to take a walk / go for a walk after dinner / supper.
对他们来说坐飞机去三亚更好。
it’s better for them to take an airplane to Sanya / to fly to Sanya.
在强烈的阳光下看书很不好。
it’s very bad to read in strong sun.
28. it’s good / bad for… 对……有好处 / 不好。
练习游泳对你的肺部有好处。
it’s good for your lungs to practice swimming.
(Practicing swimming is good for your lungs.)
29. it is a good idea to do sth. 做某事是个好主意。
明天去野餐是个好主意。
it is a good idea to have a picnic tomorrow.
为他开个生日聚会是个好主意。
it is a good idea to hold / have a birthday party for him.
30. sth. looks /sounds/smells/tastes/feels like …
某物 看上去 / 听起来 / 闻起来 / 尝起来 / 摸起来(感觉) 像 ……
这种糖果看上去像玻璃。
This kind of sweets look like glass.
这块蛋糕尝起来像草莓。
This piece of cake tastes like strawberries.
他的建议听起来像个好主意。
His suggestion sounds like a good idea.
其他短语：
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事
my father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.
asked sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)
my father asked me to study hard. He asked me not to swim alone.
be asked to do sth. 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事
i was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.
be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 She is afraid to ask me questions.
be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 i am afraid of going out at night.
be afraid of sth. 害怕某物 He is afraid of snakes.
be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 He was amazed to meet the girl there.
be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 they were amazed at the news
be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事 (常考)
i was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。
i am busy with my work.
be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来)
the bus is coming/the dog is dying.
be excited to do sth. 对做……感到兴奋 Jacky was excited to travel there by plane.
be excited at sth. lily was excited at his words.
be excited about doing sth.
He was excited about passing the exam without going overing books.
be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事 Sam is frightened to ride a horse.
be glad/happy to do sth. 高兴去做某事 She is happy to clean the blackboard with me.
be pleased to do sth. 高兴做某事 She was pleased to help the old man yesterday
be pleased with sth. 对某事感到高兴/满意 the teacher was pleased with my answer.
be interested in sth./doing sth. 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣
She is interested in swimming in the river. my brother is interested in chinese.
be/get ready for/to do sth.
Be ready for sth. 为某事做好了准备 we are ready for the exam.
Be ready to do sth. 为做某事做好了准备we are ready to have a birthday party for her.
get ready for sth.为某事在做准备 we are getting ready for the exam.
get ready for sth. 为做某事而做准备
be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉
be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇 be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇
be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 (worth 后接动词-ing形式，常考)
begin to do sth. begin/start to do/doing sth.
can/be able to afford (to buy) sth. 有能力购买(供)……
can/may/must do sth. could/would/should/might do sth.
can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事
decide to do sth. 决定去做某事
make up one’s mind to do sth. 下决心去做某事 (常考) make a decision to do sth. 对做某事作出决定
deserve to do sth. 值得/应该做……
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人去做某事
enjoy doing sth. 乐意去做某事
expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望去做某事
fail to do sth. 做某事失败 succeed doing sth. 成功做了某事
finish doing sth. 做完某事(后接动词-ing形式) (常考)
follow sb to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事
get sb. to do sth. make sb. do sth. let sb. do sth.
get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会
give/pass/show/lend/sell sb. sth./ sth. to sb. buy/get/bring sb. sth. / sth. for sb.
go on to do sth. 继续做事(常考) go on doing sth. 继续做事(常考)
hate to do/doing sth. 讨厌/不喜欢做某事
have fun doing sth.
have problems doing sth. 做某事遇到困难
have sb. do sth. have sth. done have sth. to do 有事要做
hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事(后接动词原形，常考) hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事(常见)
help to do sth. 帮忙做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
i t seems that 这像是……(后接从句) seem to do sth. seem +adj.
it’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.
it’s + adj. +(of sb.) to do sth e.g: it’s glad for him to hear the news.
it takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)
pay …for… cost spend…on….. it take …to do sth.
it’s best for sb to do sth.. 对某人来说做某事是最好的
had better do sth. 最好做某事 (注意had没有时态和人称的变化，better后接动词原形)
it’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
keep (on)doing sth. 坚持做某事(常考) keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事(常考)
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考) keep sb./ sth. +adj.
keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天(不要用borrow或lend)
learn to do sth. 学做某事 learn sth. from sb. 向某人学习
like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事 like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
need to do sth. need doing sth./to be done need sth . needn’t do sth.
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考)
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做……胜过做……
e.g: i prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来，我更爱读书。
prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做……
remember/forget to do sth. 记得/忘记做某事 remember/forget doing sth. 记得/忘记做过某事
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 (结果) see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(正在进行中)
be seen to do sth. 做某事被看见
something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西 (词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词)
e.g: i need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东西。
spend some time (in)doing sth. /on sth. 花费时间做某事(注意动词要用ing形式)(常考)
spend some money on sth./ doing sth. 买……花了多少钱
Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do. 做好某事很难/容易
stop to do sth. 停下来去某事(两件事) (常考) stop doing sth. 停止做某事(一件事) (常考)
stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(常考)
take turns to do sth. 轮流做……
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去(不要)做某事 be told to do sth. 被告知不要做某事
There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事60. There is no time (for sb.) to do sth.
have no time to do sth. 没时间做某事
too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能……
so… that… not… enough to do e.g: The boy is too young to go to school. 那男孩太小了以致不能上学。
try/do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try to do sth. 试着(图)做某事
used to do sth. 过去常做某事( used to be + adj./ a +n)
e.g: mr. wang used to be a teacher worker. 王先生过去是一位工人。
i used to live in the country. 过去我住在农村
want/would like to do sth. 想做…… want/would like sb. to do sth. 想某人做……
feel like doing sth. 喜爱做某事(注意like后接动词ing形式
warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事
why don’t you do sth.? why not do sth ?
表示建议的句型还有:what How about……? (如果是动词，要用ing形式)
Shall we……?
would you like (sb.) to do sth.? Yes, i’d love to.
would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事吗?
never mind/not at all/of course not/certainly not. (从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了)
would you please (not) do sth. 你可不可以不做……?
finish doing sth. enjoy doing sth. practise doing sth. be good at doing sth. be good at doing sth. thank you f
or doing sth. stop doing sth. be good at doing sth. give up doing sth mind doing sth stop sb from doing sth go on doing sth be busy doing sth see/hear/watch sb doing sth feel like doing sth hate doing sth like doing sth do well in doing sth be afraid of doing sth be interested in doing sth make a contribution to sth/doing sth
非延续性动词(终止性动词)
buy---have(has)had 2) borrow---have(has)kept 3) leave---have(has)been away
go ---have(has)been away/in… 5) come ---have(has)here/in…
die ---have(has)been dead 7) join---have(has)been a member of/in…
begin---have(has)on 9) stop---have(has)been over
例如: 他的狗死了3天了.: His dog has been dead for three days. it is three days since his dog died. His dog died three days ago.
感官动词:(主动语态不带to)1.hear/see/watch sb do sth 或 2. hear/see/watch sb doing sth
we often hear him sing the song.
i saw him swimming in the river just now.
被动语态带to:
He is often heard to sing the song.
役使动词: (主动语态不带to) make/let sb do sth.
His father often makes him do this and that.
被动语态带to:
He is often made to do this and that by his father.
常跟动词ing的动词有:admit,avoid,consider,deny,delay,enjoy,escape.finish,imagine,mind,miss,
practise,resist,risk,suggest...
常跟to do的动词有:
afford,agree,ask,choose,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,fail,hope,manage.offer,plan.pretend,promise,refuse,wish,want...
既可以跟doing也可以加to do，但用法和意思由不一样。这些词有:
like,hate,remember,forget,stop,mean,regret,can't help...