2016下半年公共英语pet三级考前冲刺试题及答案
完形填空
Impatience characterizes young intellectual workers.They want to make their mark31 ___.So it’s important to get32 ___to them in a challenging manner the idea33 ___big achievements rarely come easily and quickly.Point out that the little successes are essential.Show that they34 ___turn become the foundation on35 ___reputations are built and from which mole important tasks can be accomphished.
A variety of job assignments，including job Or project rotation，also keep a job36 ___becoming dull.Whereas it’s natural for some inpiduals to want to move ahead immediately to more difficult assignments，37 ___proper guidance they call continue to learn and to gain versatility by working on a number of jobs that are essentially38——the same complexity.This way they gain breadth，if not depth.www.examw.com
Probably the greatest offense to guard39 ___when dealing with younger specialists is to reject ideas out of hand.You must listen--and listen objectively～to their suggestions.Avoid40——0vercritical.You want to nurture an inquiring mind with a fresh approach. You’ll frustrate it quickly if you revert too often41 ___“We’ve tried that before and it won’t42 ___here.”
One sure way to disenchant43 ___college graduates is flagrantly misusing their talents.Expect them to do some routine work，of course.But don’t make their44 ___work just one long series of errands.This in—eludes such break—in assignments45 ___performing routine calculations，digging up46 ___material，47 ___0perating reproduction equipment.One large manufacturing company recently interviewed a number of48 ___engineers who had left them.The company found that the overwhelming complaint was that the company not only did not offer work that49 ___challenging but also expected50 ___too little from them in the way of performance.
答案解析：
参考译文
不耐心是年轻的脑力工作者的特点。他们希望快速成名。因此，给他们讲清巨大的成功不会轻而易举、快速地到来很重要。要指出小的成功至关重要。要跟他们讲明这些小成功会反过来成为建立声誉的基础，从这些小成功开始才能完成更加重要的任务。多种多样的工作任务，包括工作或项目轮换也会防止工作变得乏味。但是，有些人很自然地希望立刻去完成更为艰难的任务，在适当的指导下，他们可以继续学习，继续通过干许多一样复杂的工作而获得多样性。这样他们就能有广度的收获，如果不是深度上的。也许，在与年轻的专业人士打交道时最应该防范的就是马上驳斥其想法。你必须聆听一客观地聆听他们的建议。避免过分挑剔。你希望用新的途径培养一个好问的头脑。如果你经常提到“我们以前已经试着这样做了.但是不管用”就会很快地挫伤这种好问的头脑。使年轻的大学毕业生们清醒过来的一种妙招就是公然滥用他们的才能。当然要想到他们会做一些惯常的工作，但是不要使他们的日常工作仅仅成为一长串令人烦躁的差使，这包括一些像执行常规计算、挖掘参考材料、操作再生产设备等等实习期任务。一家大型制造公司最近采访了许多有前途的工程师，这些工程师都已离开这家公司。他们发现绝大多数人抱怨公司提供的工作不但没有挑战性，而且对于他们的表现期望也非常低。
答案及解析
31.fast 【解析】由上一句句意“不耐心代表了年轻的脑力工作者们的特点。”可知，本句“他们想…成名”中的空处应填“快速地”。
32.across 【解析】9et across意为“使观点等被理解或接受，讲清自己的意思”，此句意为“给他们讲清巨大的成功不会轻易、快速地到来很重要。”
33.that 【解析】参见32题解析，idea与big achievements rarely come easily and quickly是同位语，故此空应填that，引导同位语从句。
34.in 【解析】in turn意为“转而，反过来”，此旬意为“给他们讲明这些小成功成为建立声誉的基础，而且从这些小成功开始更重要的任务才能被完成。”。
35.which 【解析】“声誉建立的基础”英语表达为“the foundation on which reputations ale built”，which指代foundations。
36.from 【解析】keep sth.from doing sth.意为“防止某事…”，为固定短语。
37.under 【解析】under guidance意为“在…指导下”，为固定短语。
38.of 【解析】be of the same...意为“是一样…”，此句意为“…在正确的指导下，他们能继续学习，继续通过干许多一样复杂的工作而获得多样性。”
39.against 【解析】guard against意为“防止，防范，警惕”，为固定短语，against也可以省略。
40.being 【解析】avoid doing sth.意为“避免…”，avoid后必须跟名词或动名词。be overcritical意为“过分挑剔的”。
41.to 【解析】revert to意为“重想，重提”，此句意为“如果你经常提到‘我们以前已经试着这样做了，但是不管用’就会很快地挫伤这种好问的头脑”。中华考试网
42.work 【解析】本句意为“我们以前已经尝试过，但是不…。”显然，此空处应填“奏效，起作用”，英语中表达这一含义最地道的'词就是work。
43.young 【解析】本文均是在讲年轻的脑力工作者，故此空所应填的用于修饰“college graduates”的词也应是“年轻的”。
44.daily 【解析】此句意为“但是不要使他们的…工作仅仅成为一长串令人心烦的差使。”显然，此空应填“每日的，日常的”。
45.as 【解析】such…as意为“这样的…如”。此空后为并列的三个分词短语，即“如”后跟的例举事项。
46.reference 【解析】这三个分词短语意为“执行日常运算、挖掘…材料、操作再生产设备”。显然，“参考材料”最合适。
47.and 【解析】这三个分词短语是并列的，故中间的连词只能用and。
48.promising 【解析】此旬意为“一家大制造公司最近采访了许多…的工程师，这些工程师都已离开这家公司。”由上下句判断，此空处填“有希望的，有前景的”最合句意。
49.was 【解析】此空显然应是句子的谓语成分，应填动词的过去式。
50.far 【解析】可用于修饰“too little”的只能是far，意为“太少，特别少”。
翻译题
由于生意方面的事，罗宾逊先生得出趟门。因为有点紧急，他决定坐飞机。乘机旅行时，他喜欢靠窗坐，故而一登机，他就寻找一个靠窗的座位。他发现只有一个靠窗的座位还空着。在那空座位边坐着一名士兵。令罗宾逊先生纳闷的是，这位士兵没有坐靠窗的位置。罗宾逊先生不管那些，他马上径直朝那个空座位走去。
然而，等到了那儿，他看见座位上有则启事，是用钢笔写的：“为保持装载平衡，特预设该位置，谢谢合作。”罗宾逊先生还从来没有在飞机上见过如此不同寻常的启事。不过，他想飞机上一定装了什么特别重的物品，于是他找了个不靠窗的位置。
又有两三个乘客试图坐在那个士兵旁的靠窗座位上，他们看到那则启事就走开了。当快满座时，一位非常美丽的姑娘匆匆走进机舱。一直在注意进舱旅客的那个士兵赶紧拿掉他旁边空座位上的启事。士兵用这种办法，成功地找到了一位姑娘一路作伴。
A Soldier's Brilliant Idea
Mr. Robinson had to travel somewhere on business, and as he was in a hurry, he decided to go by air. He liked sitting beside a window when he was flying, so when he got on to the plane, he looked for a window seat. He found all of them had already had been taken except for one. There was a soldier sitting in the seat beside this one, and Mr. Robinson was surprised that he had not taken the one by the window; but, anyhow, he at once went towards it.
When he reached it, however, he saw that there was a notice on it. It was written in ink and said, "This seat is preserved for proper load balance, thank you." Mr Robinson had never seen such an unusual notice in a plane before, but he thought that the plane must be carrying something particularly heavy in it, so he walked on and found another empty seat, not beside a window, to sit in.
Two or three people tried to sit in the window seat beside the soldier, the notice and went on, when the plane was nearly full, a very beautiful girl hurried into the plane. The soldier, who was watching the passengers coming in, quickly took the notice off the seat beside himself and in this way succeededin having the company of the girl during the whole trip.
句型1：It is estimated that/It is observed that/It is reported that时，被动可在中文中处理为“据估计”据报道/据发现比“被估计”要自然一些，这种句型中that后面的叙述才是信息点尤其是在段落首句的时候
例：It is observed that although our knowledge greatly exceeds that of our previous ages， there is no corresponding increasing in our wisdom.
译：据观察，虽然我们的知识远超过前一代，在智慧上却没有相应的增长。
句型2：Something is done句型，is是虚词，只有有限的字面意思，在文字上是不翻译的，俗称被动不走“被”字。
例：When people are mentally engaged， great chemical changes would take place in some cognitive areas.
译：当人们用脑的时候，在某些认知区域中就会发生巨大的化学变化。
句型3：It is done在主语模糊化。英语在被动语态上，不习惯用虚拟的动作执行人，因此中文表达时，“我们认为”，“有人说”，“据说”等在英语中就都是被动了。
例：It is established that when people are mentally engaged， great chemical changes will take place in such cognitive areas as memory and focus ability.
译：我们确信，当人们用脑时没，在记忆力和注意力等认知区域中就会发生巨大的化学变化。
总结：被动不是阅读中最难的语法点，但是如果不注意被动的语言表达，头脑中反映的中文往往变得怪异，阅读速度自然就不会快。应掌握被动语态的语言表达。