One, of the problem put forward
一、问题的提出
My surname is white, only my person surnames our class white. "White " the antecedents of the surname? The renown full marks with the white surname on the history / what does the person have? Is surnaming white population to distributing now what kind of? Is white family name in " is a hunderd schools surnamed " discharge the a fewth?
我姓白，我们班只有我一个人姓白。“白”姓的来历？历史上姓白的名满分/人有哪些？现在姓白的人口分布是怎样的？白氏在《百家姓》排第几位？
2, research technique
二、研究方法
1, the data is searched on the net
1、网上查找资料
2, consult relevant book
2、查阅相关书籍
3, consult elder
3、请教长辈
3, the data is arranged
三、资料整理
01 antecedents
01来历
The origin of white surname is more complex, have a lot of each other extraneous branch. According to historical data account, white surname origin basically has 5: The first: Remote antiquity continues. According to " surname finds a source " account: " " yuan the life luxuriants " the cloud: Phlogistic Di Chen has Bai Fu to blame justice child, it is divine farming to connect water arteries and veins, should be white surname only then. " this specification surnames god of tribe phlogistic emperor early in ancient ginger farming family name when, already white surname exists, in hereaftering vicissitudes of life of thousands of years changes, its descendants multiplies up to now; The 2nd: It is a family name with city. According to " open keep in mind " clannish slightly " the cloud: " Mi surname, after Hunan Bai Gongsheng also. Hunan has Bai Yi, its ground honours in Cai Zhou letter. " additional, white house of Tang Dynasty great poet ever was in what Xian Zushi of white family name of an account in one's own words fastens easily " state of home of Taiyuan white family name 2 " and " the surname compiles " respectively record says: " surname of Mi of white family name, hunan is fair a group of things with common features also. Chu Xiong resides prince to build go straight towards Zheng. Build child get the better of. Be on Wu Chu, date is white fair, because of family name Yan. " , " after Huangdi, third of Bai Yi of doctor of the Qin Dynasty, hunan has Bai Gongsheng, prince of Hunan smooth king builds child also " . above two kinds of views are mutual and adduce, knowable this one is the Chu Guogong when coming from age a group of things with common features Bai Gongsheng's offspring, pushing go against the river to rise is descendant of surname of Mi of emperor of ancient Zhuan Xu; The 3rd: Out female singer is surnamed. According to " new Tang Shu " lineage of prime minister in feudal China " the cloud: " surname of female singer of out of white family name. Intermediate of Sun Yu of world of Zhou Tai Wang Wu seals Yu Yu (Shanxi makes the same score Liu Dong) , the place that it is advance destroys. Yu Zhi is fair Bai Xi of a group of things with common features well maids accompanying a bride to her new home Bai Ji Yu Qin, get city at a hunderd li, because of date a hunderd li why. Xi Sheng is inspected, word Meng Ming, the ancients all first the name after the word, friend says Meng Ming to inspect. Meng Ming inspects 2 child: Say on the west beg art, 2 say white second third, think ever since family name. " the specification is a hunderd li this one why descendant, it is a surname with the word of third of second of its Sun Bai namely. Because of the Qin Guojian Dou Yuyong when age (today southeast Shaanxi Feng Xiang) , this supports cause traceable of white family name today Shaanxi; The 4th: It is a family name with place name. According to " surname takes an examination of slightly " : " or it is a family name with the ground, tang Zhi white city, namely the country of white family name of cloud of place of ease week book " and " surname finds a source " : " " ease week book " Bai Min's country, today Bai Zhou, or have the person that it is a family name with the ground " two place are brought carry, the specification is a predestined relationship this one from archaic south place name white the Republic of China is a family name; The 5th: He a group of things with common features change a last name. According to " chart of all of 10 thousand surnames " : " the Five Dynasties, spit Bai Chengfu of cereal muddy cacique, village an administrative unit in Xizang grants surname plum. Chen Yonggui, hu Ren, this surname is white, for march manager. Li Kejiu coulds there be to spit Gu Hun after two government office take the first day of the lunar month, surname white family name originally, grant surname plum, look at a Nanyang " and " boreal county is clannish slightly " : " person of Tujue of Tang Bai Yuan Guangben, seal Nanyang county king, it is white family name ever since. " two place are brought carry, name a group of things with common features changes a last name and this one comes by minority.
白姓的来源比较复杂，有许多互无关系的支派。据史料记载，白姓来源主要有五支：第一支：远古延续。据《姓氏寻源》记载：”《元命苞》云：炎帝臣有白阜怪义之子，为神农通水脉，当为白姓之始。”这说明早在远古姜姓部落炎帝神农氏之时，就已有白姓存在，在嗣后几千年的沧桑变化中，其子子孙孙繁衍至今；第二支：以邑为氏。据《通志”氏族略》云：”芈姓，楚白公胜之后也。楚有白邑，其地在蔡州褒信。”另外，唐代大诗人白居易曾在自述白氏先祖世系的《太原白氏家状二道》和《姓纂》分别记载说：”白氏芈姓，楚公族也。楚熊居太子建奔郑。建之子胜。居于吴楚间，号白公，因氏焉。”、”黄帝之后，秦大夫白乙丙，楚有白公胜，楚平王太子建之子也”。把以上两种说法相互引证，则可知这一支是源自春秋时楚国公族白公胜的后代，推溯起来便是远古颛顼帝芈姓后裔；第三支：出自姬姓。据《新唐书”宰相世系》云：”白氏出自姬姓。周太王五世孙虞仲封于虞（山西平陆东），为晋所灭。虞之公族井伯奚媵伯姬于秦，受邑于百里，因号百里奚。奚生视，字孟明，古人皆先字后名，故称孟明视。孟明视二子：一曰西乞术，二曰白乙丙，其后以为氏。”说明这一支是百里奚的后裔，即以其孙白乙丙的字为姓。又因春秋时的秦国建都于雍（今陕西凤翔东南），故这支白氏起源于今陕西；第四支：以地名为氏。据《姓氏考略》：”又或以地为氏，唐置白州，即逸周书所云白氏之国”和《姓氏寻源》：”《逸周书》白民之国，今之白州，或有以地为氏者”两处引载，说明这一支是缘自古代南方地名白民国为氏；第五支：他族改姓。据《万姓统谱》：”五代，吐谷浑酋长白承福，庄宗赐姓李。陈永贵，胡人，本姓白，为行军总管。李可久为吐谷浑宁朔两府留后，本姓白氏，赐姓李，望出南阳”和《北县氏族略》：”唐白元光本突厥人，封南阳郡王，其后为白氏。”两处引载，这一支由少数名族改姓而来。
White famous person is surnamed on 02 histories
02历史上姓白的名人
1, Bai Juyi
1、白居易
Bai Juyi (772 years - 846 years) , the word is carefree, lay Buddhist of date sweet hill, gentleman of date drunk chant, taiyuan of ancestral home Shanxi, to its the change one's dwelling house when great-grandfather issues Zuo , be born at Henan new Zheng. It is the realistic poet with great Tang Dynasty, tang Dynasty one of 3 great poets. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen advocate new folk songs and ballads in the Han style to move jointly, the life says " yuan white " , say with Liu Yu Xi " Liu Bai " .
白居易（772年-846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍山西太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。
2, Bai Qi
2、白起
Bai Qi (? , BC 257 years) , qin Guobai, the name rises, Zuo city (today Bai Jiacun of Chang Xingzhen of Shaanxi eyebrow county) person. Famous general of period of the Warring States, crackajack militarist, "Military strategist in ancient China " represent a person. After regarding the afterwards on Chinese history as Sun Wu, Wu Qi another crackajack militarist, command, bai Qi and cheap quite, Jian of Li Mu, king calls the Warring States 4 great great soldiers, hind list Wu Miao 10 sagacious.
白起（？—公元前257年），秦国白氏，名起，郿邑（今陕西眉县常兴镇白家村）人。战国时期名将，杰出的军事家，“兵家”代表人物。作为中国历史上继孙武、吴起之后又一个杰出的军事家、统帅，白起与廉颇、李牧、王翦并称为战国四大名将，后位列武庙十哲。
3, Bai Chongxi
3、白崇禧
Bai Chongxi (on March 18, 1893 -- on December 2, 1966) , word be good at unripe, guangxi Guilin city faces laurel Ou Huixian to press down hill end person, army of China the Republic of China one class admiral, praise for " Xiaozhu arrowroot " . Department of warlord new laurel represents a person, close with Li Zongren weigh Li Bai.
白崇禧（1893年3月18日——1966年12月2日），字健生，广西桂林市临桂区会仙镇山尾人，中华民国陆军一级上将，誉为“小诸葛”。军阀新桂系代表人物，与李宗仁合称李白。
Bai Chongxi is after victory of War of Resistance Against Japan, hold the position of " defense minister of China the Republic of China " , however the results of battle that Kuomintang government fails to protect an area, condition heals to Kuomintang government hasten is adverse, new laurel department also cannot defend the half of country of China the Republic of China finally. After the liberation army liberates chinese mainland, bai Chongxi escapes toward Taiwan, died 1966 at Taipei.
白崇禧在抗日战争胜利后，担任“中华民国国防部长”，然而国民党政府未能保住在中国东北地区的战果，局势对国民党政府愈趋不利，新桂系最终亦无法保住中华民国的半壁江山。解放军解放中国大陆后，白崇禧逃往台湾，1966年逝于台北。
4, Bai Gui
4、白圭
Bai Gui, central Plains of period of the Warring States (Luoyang) person, renown red, word an elongated pointed tablet of jade held in the hands by ancient rulers on ceremonial occasions. Have " business ancestor " praise. In Wei Hui king follower is chancellery, be good at build dikes and dams, start construction irrigation works.
白圭，战国时期中原（洛阳）人，名丹，字圭。有“商祖”之誉。在魏惠王属下为大臣，善于修筑堤坝，兴修水利。《汉书》中说他是经营贸易发展生产的理论鼻祖。
His view reduces cropland tax, 1/20 what collect product. Offer the theory that commerce becomes rich. The view is executed according to the particular case with lean bumper harvest " the person abandons me to take, the person is taken I and " the method is in business. When cereal is mature, into receive food; When pod produces, take in garrulous silkses, sell food. Bai Gui put forward agricultural economy to say circularly, think a cycle of agriculture is 12 years.
他主张减轻田税，征收产物的二十分之一。提出贸易致富的理论。主张根据丰收歉收的具体情况来实行“人弃我取，人取我与”的方法经商。谷物成熟时，进收粮食；蚕茧出产时收进絮帛，出售粮食。白圭并提出了农业经济循环说，认为农业的一个周期为12年。
He also thinks to be in business should press an opportunity, use method of travel of Yang of arms, business like grandchildren Wu Qi. Say,
他亦认为经商要按时机，就像孙子吴起用兵、商鞅行法。一说，水利专家白圭和贸易致富的白圭是两人。
5, Bai Hua
5、白桦
Dramatist, poet. Original name Chen Youhua, henan believes Zhongshan of rising tone bridge to lay a person. Joined a Chinese Communist 1949, film studio of tone Shanghai salangane assumed editor, scenario 1961, group of modern drama of tone Wuhan military region assumed scenario 1964. Rehabilitated 1979, reconversion, work in ministry of culture of Wuhan military region. Be transferred to civilian work went to Shanghai 1985 writer association, hold the post of a vice-chairman. Began to publish work 1946. Joined Chinese writer consortium 1955. Still have...
剧作家、诗人。原名陈佑华，河南信阳平桥中山铺人。1949年加入中国共产党，1961年调上海海燕电影制片厂任编辑、编剧，1964年调武汉军区话剧团任编剧。1979年平反，恢复党籍，在武汉军区文化部工作。1985年转业到上海作家协会，任副主席。1946年开始发表作品。1955年加入中国作家协会。还有……
The person population with 03 white surnames distributings
03姓白的人人口分布
Of contemporary surname already amounted to 2.8 million, 0 what take the throughout the country about. 22% . In the whole nation distributing to basically be centered at Henan, Heibei, Shaanxi, on the west 4 provinces, take a last name about 50% total, distributing next at Sichuan, Long Jiang, respectful, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, area of this 6 provinces centered the surname of 26% . Henan lived to surname 16% total, to surname province. The whole nation formed what Yu Ji, Qin Jin surnames two pieces to collect an area. The surname is in group in distributinging frequency intent makes clear: In peaceful ministry of short for Shaanxi Province, Henan western, ferry of Heibei ministry, Beijing, Inner Mongolia north of northwest of a sector of an area of have a common boundary of mid, Ji Meng, Hubei, Sichuan paragraph, Yunnan south, the example that place takes like the surname is in 0. 6% above, the area can be achieved in 1. 6% above, afore-mentioned areas are enclothed indigestion 20 what occupied the whole nation to always be accumulated about. 4% , lived to make an appointment with the surname of 43% group. In northeast of ministry of northwest of the eastpart part of Sichuan ministry, Henan, Anhui, thing, Heibei, northwest, the example that place takes like the surname is in 0. 4%-0. 6% between. Afore-mentioned areas are enclothed indigestion 16 what occupied the whole nation to always be accumulated. 2% , lived to make an appointment with the surname of 25% group.
当代姓的已达280万，约占全国的0。22%。在全国的分布主要集中于河南、河北、陕西、西四省，约占姓总的50%，其次分布于四川、龙江、肃、青海、内蒙古、云南，这六省区集中了26%的姓。河南居住了姓总的16%，为姓第省。全国形成了豫冀、秦晋两块姓的聚集区。姓在群中分布频率意图表明：在陕宁部、河南西部、河北部、京津、内蒙古中部、吉蒙交界地段、湖北西北、四川北段、云南南部，姓般占当地的例在0。6%以上，中地区可达到1。6%以上，上述地区覆盖积约占了全国总积的20。4%，居住了约43%的姓群。在四川部、河南东部、安徽西北、东西部、河北东北、西北，姓般占当地的例在0。4%-0。6%之间。上述地区覆盖积占了全国总积的16。2%，居住了约25%的姓群。
04 white family names are in " a hunderd schools is surnamed " discharge the a fewth
04白氏在《百家姓》排第几位
White surname ranks the 267th in surname of a hunderd schools. White surname is one of Chinese surname, white surname comes from a surname surname the earliest. Qin Wu is fair after dying, childe fails in vain afterwards stands, fierce is the same as Mu Dide fairly fair gentleman snatch from inside childe white hand. Fierce is fair living old haunt is in city of capital of the Qin Dynasty harmony (today Shaanxi Feng Xiang) the smooth this world around (today Shaanxi branch hill, keep silent the county is taken) , moral character is male seal smooth this world to childe white. After childe dies in vain, his later generations with Bai Weishi.
白姓在百家姓排名第267位。白姓是中国的姓氏之一，白姓最早源自嬴姓。秦武公死后，公子白未能继立，武公的同母弟德公将君位从公子白手中夺走。武公居住的故地在秦国都城雍（今陕西凤翔）附近的平阳（今陕西歧山、噤县一带），德公把平阳封给了公子白。公子白死后，他的后人就以白为氏。
4, study conclusion
四、研究结论
1, Mi of emperor of Xu of Zhuan of white surname out surnames descendant.
1、白姓出自颛顼帝芈姓后裔。
2, although white surname is very rare, but go up in the history, also a lot of surname white famous person. Have Bai Juyi of Tang Chaoshi's person, yuan Bai Piao of home of the writer with well-known generation, poetic dram set to music, the most celebrated general when the Warring States rises in vain, the earliest famous trader is Bai Gui, turn over warlord to uprise noted leader Bai Lang, bai Yunpeng of actor of quyi story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment... what I create to surname an ancestor in vain is brilliant and feel proud.
2、虽然白姓很稀有，但在历史上，也有很多姓白的名人。有唐朝诗人白居易，元代著名的文学家、杂剧家白朴，战国时最著名的将领白起，最早的著名商人是白圭，反军阀起义著名领袖白朗，曲艺京韵大鼓演员白云鹏……我为白姓祖先创造的辉煌而感到自豪。
3, white surname has population about in the whole nation 4.16 million, the 68th is discharged in each surname, 0 what occupy countrywide population. 32% .
3、白姓在全国约有人口416万，在各姓中排第68位，占全国人口的0。32%。(文/白纸瑞)