One, raise a question:
一、提出问题：
1, surname full marks / origin?
1、姓氏满分/的由来？
2, before surname appears, with what does people come him designation familial with the identity?
2、姓氏出现之前，人们用什么来标示自己的家族和身份？
3, the classification of surname?
3、姓氏的分类？
4, data of panel member surname
4、小组成员姓氏资料
5, week surname origin
5、周姓来源
6, celebrity of the of the same surname on the history
6、历史上同姓名人
2, research technique:
二、研究方法：
1, the data consults on the net
1、网上查阅资料
2, consult relevant book
2、查阅相关书籍
3, consult elder
3、请教长辈
3, the data arranges:
三、资料整理：
1, the origin of surname?
1、姓氏的由来？
Surname [ì of X ì Ngsh] the person that surname, all its ancestor the place that check goes out oneself; Family name person, the place that fastens its descendants is divided oneself; "Surname person, the symbol with familial and consanguineous designation also " .
姓氏[xìngshì]姓者，统其祖考之所自出；氏者，别其子孙之所自分；“姓氏者，标示家族血缘之符号也”。
According to research, china ancient surname originates the totem adores, tie clannish title of honor or mark. The prime source of China ancient surname, it is to be based on " the day " primitive religion adores, the totem adores adore with the ancestor. Primitive totem adores the germ that is China ancient surname. Evidence of document of many ancient time this one viewpoint.
据研究，中华古姓来源于图腾崇拜，系氏族徽号或标志。中华古姓的最初来源，是基于“天道”的原始宗教崇拜、图腾崇拜与祖先崇拜。原始图腾崇拜是中华古姓的根源。大量古代文献佐证了这一观点。
2: Before surname appears, with what does people come him designation familial with the identity?
2：姓氏出现之前，人们用什么来标示自己的家族和身份？
German east learns a mark this · Miao Le is in " give myth learns " in say: A totem, begin the number that is a clannish totem, it is the name of tribe after that, it is the name of tribe ancestor after that. Here " name " , it is actually " surname " .
德国东方学家马克斯·缪勒在《献给神话学》中说：一个图腾，开始是一个氏族图腾的标记，而后是部族的名字，而后是部族祖先的名字。这里的“名字”，其实就是“姓”。
The prime source of China ancient surname, it is to be based on " the day " primitive religion adores, the totem adores adore with the ancestor. Alleged " the day " , namely all things all some regulation. Primitive totem adores the germ that is China ancient surname. Evidence of document of many ancient time this one viewpoint.
中华古姓的最初来源，是基于“天道”的原始宗教崇拜、图腾崇拜与祖先崇拜。所谓“天道”，即一切事物皆有的规则。原始图腾崇拜是中华古姓的根源。大量古代文献佐证了这一观点。
There is the other provision of surname in prevenient Qin Wenxian, of surname is not later ages ability some is academic. Somebody often has a surname to have a family name again already previously, a surname often has many derive surname, the derive surname of the surname that be like female singer has week of last name, 411 surnames such as surname of surname, Zheng surname, king surname, rash surname, Cao surname, the Kingdom of Wei. So the amount of the family name is more than the amount of the surname actually far.
在先秦文献中没有姓氏之别的规定，姓氏之别是后世才有的理论。以前有人往往既有姓又有氏，一个姓往往有多个派生姓氏，如姬姓的派生姓氏就有周姓、吴姓、郑姓、王姓、鲁姓、曹姓、魏姓等411个姓。所以氏的数量实际远远大于姓的数量。
Single last name: Use the last name of a word only. As opposite as compound surname, state-owned sheet surnames 6931 in.
单姓：只用一个字的姓。与复姓相对，中国有单姓6931个。
Be like: King, plum, piece, Liu, old, poplar, yellow, Zhao, week, , Xu, grandson, horse, introduced from the northern and western nationalities or from abroad, bright red, Guo, why, collect, tall, forest. According to statistic.
如：王、李、张、刘、陈、杨、黄、赵、周、吴、徐、孙、马、胡、朱、郭、何、罗、高、林。据统计。
Compound surname: Point to the surname that the Chinese character that reachs above by two comprises. Be like: Europe this world, minister, go up official, on the west the door. " Chinese surname big dictionary " show, the double word that each nation records with the Chinese character surnames Chinese Gu Jin 9012, 3 words surname 4850, 4 words surname 2276, 5 words surname 541, 6 words surname 142, 7 words surname 39, character 8 surnames 14, 9 words surname.
复姓：指由两个及以上的汉字组成的姓氏。如：欧阳、司马、上官、西门。《中国姓氏大辞典》显示，中国古今各民族用汉字记录的双字姓9012个、三字姓4850个、四字姓2276个、五字姓541个、六字姓142个、七字姓39个、八字姓14个、九字姓7个。
4, week surname current situation and origin
四、周姓现状和起源
Week surname is in " a hunderd schools is surnamed " in discharge the 5th, week surname is the old surname of a multiracial, much headstream, basically result from female singer surname, hunan is week of surname the biggest province. Week surname origin is more, have the following kinds: 1, result from appear the earliest what Zhou Changzhou surnames, but the yellow emperor period of restrospect to remote antiquity; 2, result from surname of female singer of out of female singer surname, its first ancestor is prosperous of female singer of week article king; 3, result from minority; 4, result from other surname
周姓在《百家姓》中排第5位，周姓是一个多民族、多源流的古老姓氏，主要源于姬姓，湖南为周姓第一大省。周姓氏来源较多，有以下几种：1、源于周昌周姓的最早出现，可追溯到远古的黄帝时期；2、源于姬姓出自姬姓，其始祖为周文王姬昌；3、源于少数民族；4、源于其他姓氏
5, the celebrity of the of the same surname on the history
五、历史上同姓的名人
Wu Lue of result of article of king of article of Zhou first ancestor, it is generation name king. When the Western Han Dynasty suddenly of famous photograph week, calm down the random famous general Zhou Yafu of 7 king, the Zhou Chang that sincere advice remonstrates with continuously. When the the Three Kingdoms general Zhou Yu, adviser week triangular bream. The Western Jin Dynasty has except 3 kill a story yes Shi Zhongcheng week manages drive. The Southern Qi Dynasty of the Southern Dynasties has く is talked 3 times " , " the four tones of classical Chinese phonetics cuts charm " . Tang Dynasty has fat of week of Zhou Xing of official of cruel of the assist in drive history, artists. The word person Zhou Bangyan of the coronal that the person after Song Dai has is word home, philosopher week honest cheeks, yuan era has " musical sound of Central Plains sound " charm learns a Zhou Deqing, clear Dai Youwen learns a Zhou Liang to be versed in, mingshi week star praise, latter-day writer having market, ideologist and revolutionist cultivate a person at the week of a suit (Lu Xun) .
周氏始祖文王文功武略，是一代名王。西汉时有名相周勃，平定七王之乱的名将周亚夫，忠言直谏的周昌。三国时的吴大将周瑜，谋士周鲂。西晋有除三害故事是的御史中丞周处。南朝南齐有著く三宗论》、《四声切韵》的周。唐代有御史中丞酷吏周兴、画家周肪。宋代有后人称为词家之冠的词人周邦彦，哲学家周敦颐，元代有著《中原音韵》的韵学家周德清，清代有文学家周亮工，名士周星誉，近代有集文学家，思想家和革命家于一身的周树人（鲁迅）。
6, study conclusion:
六、研究结论：
1, the mark that surname is one familial kin of the individual and symbol.
1、姓氏是一个人的家族血缘关系的标志和符号。
2, the germ of the surname is the primitive totem that China adores.
2、姓的根源是中华崇拜的原始图腾。
3, surname cent is single last name and compound surname two kinds big.
3、姓氏分为单姓和复姓两大类。
4, week surname is surnamed for the noble, population distributings wider, the 5th when surname for a hunderd schools, genetic out female singer is surnamed, its first ancestor is week article king.
4、周姓为贵族姓，人口分布较广，为百家姓的第五位，起源出自姬姓，其始祖为周文王。(文/周叶展)